Cdc viral hemorrhagic fevers emergency preparedness. Viral hemorrhagic fevers, ebola, marburg virus, lassa. Response to imported case of marburg hemorrhagic fever. Schmitzrapid detection and quantification of rna of ebola and marburg viruses, lassa virus, crimeancongo hemorrhagic fever virus, rift valley fever virus, dengue virus, and yellow fever virus by realtime reverse transcriptionpcr. Thomas, benjamin jeffs, pascoal nascimento folo, pedro pablo palma, bengi moco henrique, luis villa, fernando paixao damiao machado, oscar bernal, steven m. We strongly recommend that you talk with a trusted healthcare. Questionnaires were administered and serum samples tested for marburgspecific antibodies by enzymelinked immunosorbent assay. This protein mediates infection by binding to the viral envelope glycoprotein. Figure 1 shows a case report form that we propose for use in future marburgebola hemorrhagic fever outbreaks. Mvd is a viral hemorrhagic fever vhf, and the clinical symptoms are indistinguishable from ebola virus disease evd. In africa, viral haemorrhagic fevers vhfs include lassa fever, rift valley fever, marburg and ebola haemorrhagic fevers, crimeancongo haemorrhagic fever cchf and yellow fever. Viral hemorrhagic fever, any of a variety of highly fatal viral diseases that are characterized by massive external or internal bleeding or bleeding into the skin. Viral hemorrhagic fevers, ebola, marburg virus, lassa fever toolkit comprehensive.
Background diagnosis of viral hemorrhagic fever vhf must be made by a physician. Marburg hemorrhagic fever marburg hf is a rare but severe hemorrhagic fever which affects both humans and nonhuman primates. Marburg hemorrhagic fever medical definition merriam. Marburg virus is the causative agent of marburg haemorrhagic fever mhf, a disease with a case fatality ratio of up to 88%. Similar to the more widely known ebola hemorrhagic fever, mhf is characterized by systemic viral replication, immunosuppression and abnormal inflammatory responses. Disease onset is sudden, with fever, chills, headache, and myalgia. Marburg hemorrhagic fever view pdf 2kb what is marburg hemorrhagic fever. An outbreak of marburg hemorrhagic fever in the democratic republic of the congo between 1998 and 2000 had a case fatality rate of 83 percent. Marburg virus is the causative agent of marburg virus disease mvd, a disease with a case fatality ratio of up to 88%. Other symptoms vary by the type of viral hemorrhagic fever but often include fever, malaise, muscle aches, vomiting, and shock. Reducing your chance of infection and recognizing the symptoms early can mean the difference between life and death if you or someone you know contracts marburg. Common presenting complaints are fever, myalgia, and prostration, with headache, pharyngitis. Mar 16, 2017 viral hemorrhagic fevers vhfs are a group of febrile illnesses caused by rna viruses from several viral families.
Similar to ebola virus, marburg hemorrhagic fever is a very rare but dangerous type of hemorrhagic fever that affects both humans and primates. Once the marburg virion attaches, the virion envelop fuses with the cellar membrane and then the nucleocapsid is released into the cytosol. Marburg virus disease mvd formerly known as marburg haemorrhagic fever was first identified in 1967 during epidemics in marburg and frankfurt in germany and belgrade in the former yugoslavia from importation of infected monkeys from uganda. A viral hemorrhagic fever is a possible cause of the plague of athens during the peloponnesian war. Bleeding manifestations occur in variable proportions of patients eg, in about 30% of patients with ebola or marburg hemorrhagic fever and in only about 1% of patients with rift valley fever. Pdf marburg hemorrhagic fever associated with multiple. Infected humans can spread the virus to each other through contact with contaminated objects or blood. Mysterious hemorrhagic fever in south sudan stumps disease. The world health organization who rates it as a risk. Viral hemorrhagic fevers vhfs are a group of febrile illnesses caused by rna viruses from several viral families. Thirtyone people became ill, initially laboratory workers followed by several medical personnel and family members who had cared for them. Strong, heinz feldmann, matthias borchert, factors associated with marburg hemorrhagic fever. Given that only a few organizations are involved in providing clinical care to patients with filoviral hemorrhagic fever, it should be possible to agree on what data need to be collected and which tools to use.
Viral hemorrhagic fevers lassa, marburg, ebola, crimean. Marburg virus disease is caused by viruses that produce symptoms of fever, chills, headaches and muscle aches early in the disease. A maculopapular rash may be noted early in the clinical course in some forms of vhf notably in ebola and marburg hemorrhagic fevers. Marburg hemorrhagic fever centers for disease control. Zaire province has reported its first 6 cases, bringing the number of affected provinces to seven, all concentrated in the northwestern part of. Marburg hemorrhagic fever marburg hf is a rare, severe type of hemorrhagic fever which affects both humans and nonhuman primates.
The virus that causes marburg hemorrhagic fever, a disease which affects both humans and nonhuman primates. Response to imported case of marburg hemorrhagic fever, the. Marburg hemorrhagic fever is a rare, severe type of hemorrhagic fever which affects both humans and nonhuman primates. Figure 1 shows a case report form that we propose for use in future marburg ebola hemorrhagic fever outbreaks. All types of vhf are characterized by fever and bleeding disorders and all can. Marburg hemorrhagic fever mhf was first described in 1967 in an outbreak in germany and the former yugoslavia that was linked to contact with monkeys imported from uganda. Marburg hemorrhagic fever in durba and watsa, democratic. A viral hemorrhagic fever is an alternate theory of the cause of the black death and the plague of justinian. Marburg hemorrhagic fever marburg hf is a rare, severe type of hemorrhagic fever which affects both humans and nonhuman. Fortunately, the disease, marburg hemorrhagic fever, was limited to a small geographic area, but the devastation of lives was much greater than that of many epidemics and was a warning of the numerous factors, including fear, lack of understanding, and deception, that can exacerbate the spread of disease and hinder implementation of restraints. Mar 07, 2018 marburg hemorrhagic fever or marburg virus is a rare, severe type of hemorrhagic fever which impacts both humans and nonhuman primates.
Marburg and ebola viruses are the two members of the filoviridae family. Rollin viral special pathogens branch, the centers for disease control and prevention, atlanta, georgia, united states of america abstract. Marburg hemorrhagic fever definition of marburg hemorrhagic. Risk factors include exposure to african green monkeys and certain bats. Marburg virus belongs to the genus marburgvirus in the family filoviridae and causes a severe hemorrhagic fever, known as marburg hemorrhagic fever mhf, in both humans and nonhuman primates. Marburg hemorrhagic fever fact sheet last updated may 5, 2010 what is marburg hemorrhagic fever. The five species of ebola virus are the only other known members of the filovirus family. Testing of a later sample has also shown equivocal results for previous infection, so more detailed testing of both samples was conducted and it was confirmed that the patients illness was due to marburg hemorrhagic fever virus.
Reston ebolavirus occurs in the philippines, and has also been reported in prrs virusinfected pigs from a 2008 outbreak in china. Marburg hemorrhagic fever associated with multiple genetic. Marburg virus is a hemorrhagic fever virus of the filoviridae family of viruses and a member of the species marburg marburgvirus, genus marburgvirus. Questionnaires were administered and serum samples tested for marburg specific antibodies by enzymelinked immunosorbent assay. The viral structure is typical of filoviruses, with long threadlike particles which have a consistent diameter but vary greatly in length from an average of 800. These highly infectious viruses lead to a potentially lethal disease syndrome characterized by fever, malaise, vomiting, mucosal and gastrointestinal gi bleeding, edema, and hypotension. Caused by a genetically unique zoonotic that is, animalborne rna virus of the filovirus family, its recognition led. It is caused by the so called marburg virus marburg is the city where it was first recognized. Multiple insertions of the virus into the population w. In summary, primary cases were found among gold miners, and secondary cases were found among family members. Isolated case of marburg virus disease, kampala, uganda, 2014.
Though caused by different viruses, the two diseases are clinically similar. Marburg virus disease, also known as marburg hemorrhagic fever, is a severe illness with a high mortality rate. Marburg hemorrhagic fever genetic and rare diseases. Marburg haemorrhagic fever was initially detected in 1967 after simultaneous outbreaks in marburg, from which the disease takes its name, and frankfurt in germany. In western countries, marburg hemorrhagic fever mhf is an imported disease with a low risk of occurrence, but it has a high profile in the public mind because it can be transmitted from person to person, the course is fatal in up to 80% of cases, and the reservoir is uncertain 2,3. Response to imported case of marburg hemorrhagic fever, the netherlands article pdf available in emerging infectious diseases 158. Marburg hemorrhagic fever outbreak occurred in germany and yugoslavia in 1967, among laboratory workers who had been exposed to tissues from imported african green vervet monkeys cercopithecus aethiops. Life cycle of the dengue fever virus hhmi biointeractive video duration. Similar to the more widely known ebola hemorrhagic fever, mhf is characterized by systemic viral replication, immunosuppression and abnormal inflammatory.
By who, rxpg as of 7 april, 205 cases of marburg haemorrhagic fever have been reported in angola. The infection is caused by the marburg virus marv, an enveloped, nonsegmented, negative. Analysis of patient data from uige, angola, the journal of infectious diseases, volume 201, issue 12, 15 june. Viral hemorrhagic fevers, ebola, marburg virus, lassa fever toolkit comprehensive medical encyclopedia with treatment options, clinical data, and practical information two cdrom set u. Pdf response to imported case of marburg hemorrhagic fever. Fifteen 2% of 912 participants in a general village crosssectional antibody survey.
We strongly recommend that you talk with a trusted. Marburg virus disease was initially detected in 1967 after simultaneous outbreaks in marburg and frankfurt in germany. Imported case of marburg hemorrhagic fever colorado, 2008. A detailed description of the marburg hemorrhagic fever outbreaks in the durba area has been published elsewhere 1. The infection is caused by the marburg virus marv, an. The responsible pathogen, marburg virus, is a member of the filoviridae family along with the ebola virus 1. Risk factors for marburg hemorrhagic fever, democratic republic of the congo. Marburg virus was first recognized in 1967, when outbreaks of hemorrhagic fever occurred simultaneously in laboratories in marburg and frankfurt, germany and in belgrade, yugoslavia now serbia. Marburg haemorrhagic fever who regional office for africa. The mystery disease in south sudan has not been identified but is known to cause fever and unexplained bleeding. Viral hemorrhagic fevers vhfs are a diverse group of animal and human illnesses in which fever and hemorrhage are caused by a viral infection. Jan 30, 2009 testing of a later sample has also shown equivocal results for previous infection, so more detailed testing of both samples was conducted and it was confirmed that the patients illness was due to marburg hemorrhagic fever virus. Marburg hf is caused by marburg virus, a genetically unique zoonotic or, animalborne rna virus of the filovirus family.
Marburg virus is the causative agent of marburg haemorrhagic fever mhf. Forty years ago, in early august 1967, the first filovirus ever detected, marburg virus, made its appearance in europe, causing severe and often fatal hemorrhagic fever in laboratory workers in marburg and frankfurt and, about 4 weeks later, in belgrade. Serosurvey on household contacts of marburg hemorrhagic fever patients. The initial, and currently only, outbreak of lujo virus in septemberoctober 2008 left 45 patients dead. Triggered by a genetically special zoonotic that is, animalborne rna virus of the filovirus family, its recognition led to the development of this virus family. Marburg virus marv causes marburg virus disease in humans and nonhuman primates, a form of viral hemorrhagic fever. Humans initially contract an infection with a haemorrhagic fever virus through exposure to rodents or insects for ebola and marburg vhfs, the natural reservoir is. How to recognize marburg hemorrhagic fever symptoms. The first documented outbreak of this disease was in 1967 in germany and yugoslavia which is currently known as serbia 2. Marburg virus share this page marburg virus belongs to the genus marburgvirus in the familyfiloviridae and causes a severe hemorrhagic fever, known as marburg hemorrhagic fever mhf, in both humans and nonhuman primates. For marburg and ebola that element is the niemannpick c1 npc1 membrane protein 1. These emerging viral hemorrhagic fevers are presumed to be animal borne zoonotic and can be transmitted to humans through contact. Oct 07, 2014 three days after a fatal case of marburg hemorrhagic fever was diagnosed in uganda, 99 people have been quarantined in four different locations across the east african country, as field.
Pdf response to imported case of marburg hemorrhagic. Forty years of marburg virus the journal of infectious. Marburg hemorrhagic fever is a rare, severe type of hemorrhagic fever, which affects both humans and nonhuman primates. The marburg virus is a genetically unique zoonotic that is, animalborne rna virus of the filovirus family, and its recognition led to the creation of this virus family. Ebolas most notorious symptom may be hemorrhagic fever, but the virus is actually one of many that can cause the hallmark bleeding from the nose, mouth, ears and other places. Ebola hemorrhagic fever ehf and marburg hemorrhagic fever mhf are rare viral diseases, endemic to central africa. Ebola and marburg haemorrhagic fever sciencedirect. Three days after a fatal case of marburg hemorrhagic fever was diagnosed in uganda, 99 people have been quarantined in four different locations across the east african country, as field. Marburg hemorrhagic fever starts as a nonspecific febrile illness but rapidly progresses to include hemorrhagic complications and, in the most severe cases, a septic shocklike syndrome. The python cave is a popular destination among tourists to see the batinfested cave. Marburg hemorrhagic fever associated with multiple genetic lineages of virus article pdf available in new england journal of medicine 3559. The causative agent of mhf is lake victoria marburgvirus marv, a filovirus similar to ebola virus.
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